What Is Chronic Kidney Disease?

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that affects the kidneys’ ability to filter waste and excess fluids from the blood. Over time, CKD can lead to kidney failure, which necessitates dialysis or a kidney transplant. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that more than 35.5 million American adults may have CKD.

Understanding CKD is crucial, as early detection and management can significantly improve outcomes for those affected. Shifa Nephrology Associates LLC in Chicago answers the question, “What is chronic kidney disease (CKD)?”

Understanding the Kidneys’ Function

The kidneys play a vital role in maintaining overall health. They filter out waste products from the blood, balance electrolytes, manage blood pressure and produce hormones essential for red blood cell production and bone health. When kidney function declines, these processes become impaired, leading to various health complications.

Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease

CKD is classified into five stages based on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which measures how well the kidneys are functioning:

1. Stage 1: Normal or high GFR (90 mL/min or higher) with normal kidney function but with other evidence of kidney damage (such as protein in the urine).
2. Stage 2: Mild reduction in GFR (60-89 mL/min) with other signs of kidney damage.
3. Stage 3: Moderate reduction in GFR (30-59 mL/min), where symptoms may begin showing, like fatigue and fluid retention.
4. Stage 4: Severe reduction in GFR (15-29 mL/min); significant complications can arise, and preparation for dialysis or transplant may start.
5. Stage 5: Kidney failure (GFR less than 15 mL/min) that requires dialysis or transplantation for survival.

Several conditions can lead to CKD, including:

• Diabetes: High blood sugar can damage blood vessels in the kidneys.
• Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Can cause damage to the blood vessels in the kidneys.
• Heart Disease: Increases the risk of kidney damage.
• Family History: A family history of kidney disease can increase risk.
• Age: Older adults are at higher risk due to natural declines in kidney function.

Other risk factors include obesity, smoking and prolonged use of certain medications that can affect kidney function.

Symptoms of Chronic Kidney Disease

In the early stages, CKD may be asymptomatic. The National Kidney Foundation says, “Approximately 90 percent of people who have CKD are not even aware of it.” As the disease progresses, symptoms may include:

• Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet
• Fatigue and weakness
• Changes in urination (more or less frequent)
• Persistent itching
• Nausea or vomiting
• Shortness of breath

What Is a CKD Screening?

Shifa Nephrology Associates LLC encourages regular CKD screenings, as early-stage CKD can often go undetected until significant damage has occurred. We utilize a comprehensive approach to CKD screening, including:

1. Blood Tests
2. Urine Tests
3. Blood Pressure Measurement
4. Imaging Tests

In some cases, imaging tests like ultrasound are used to check the size and structure of the kidneys, looking for abnormalities that might indicate CKD.

Chicago IL CKD Screening Tests

Chronic Kidney Disease is a serious condition that requires awareness and proactive management. If you suspect you may be at risk or are experiencing symptoms, contact Shifa Nephrology Associates LLC for early diagnosis and intervention. Early detection can make a significant difference in managing CKD and maintaining a better quality of life.